Parameter estimation under non-stationary circumstances using extended signal model

Abstract. In the context of transient processes in power system measurements, a sampled signal is analyzed with respect to electro-magnetic influences. These are most likely superposed sinusoids that can be found next to the fundamental system sinusoid. However, such signal is not stationary, i.e. has a varying model order which means that temporary and exponentially damped sinusoids appear eventually. In our previous work, the exponential damping was only considered indirectly but not explicitly incorporated in the signal model used. Regarding the amplitude estimation, this led to inaccuracies since the amplitude was incorrectly assumed constant within a window of samples. In this paper, we use ESPRIT's ability to also estimate a parameter of exponential damping, improve the corresponding signal model, advance the amplitude estimation algorithm and back projection algorithm. Especially short-term signal components can be tracked far more precise.