A radar working in the 24 GHz ISM-band in a frequency modulated continuous wave mode has been used for vital sign monitoring of the heart beat and the breathing rate. The observation is hereby contactless with the patient sitting straight up in a distance of 1–2 m to the radar. A mathematical method to calculate the heart beat and breathing rate is presented. The results are compared with classical ECG measurement equipment.

For wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE), precise localization is an open research topic. In this study, a novel differential magnetic localization method for WCE is proposed. The differential method prevents interference of the geomagnetic field. Therefore, the mean position and orientation errors were significantly reduced by three orders in magnitude to less than 0.1 mm and 0.1°, respectively. In the future, the simulation-based results will be validated in experiments.