In electronic design development, schematics are used to depict electrical circuits and validate them before manufacturing. As such designs are often handed in as images (bitmaps) only, there is no way to easily process and check them in an automated way.
With the help of deep-learning methods, components, lines and text can be extracted from these bitmaps.
Fusing these detections, the electrical circuit can be reconstructed and serve as an input for further validation routines.

The results of immunity tests on components of self-driving automobiles to radiated high power electromagnetic (HPEM) pulses are presented in this work. It is of particular interest to investigate such automobiles’ resilience towards deliberate attacks with electromagnetic interference (EMI). A characterization of the applied pulses are presented. A correlation can be drawn between the pulse repetition rate or the amplitude of the applied pulses and the severity of the effect on the DUTs.

Half-hourly mean winds have been obtained using ground-based low-frequency and very high frequency radio observations of the mesopause region at Collm, Germany, since 1984. Long-term changes of wind variances, which are proxies for short-period atmospheric gravity waves, have been analysed. Gravity wave amplitudes increase with time in winter, but mainly decrease in summer. The trends are consistent with mean wind changes according to wave theory. 

In this study, the impact of LO signal variations on VNA measurements is investigated. The effect of LO signal changes is studied through theoretical analysis and experiments. It is found that even minor LO signal phase changes after calibration significantly affect the measured phase angles of transmission coefficients. Error correction terms are derived and applied to correct errors in the experimental data. The results shows that corrected measurements remain unaffected by the effect.

A systematic analysis of measurement uncertainties in rectangular waveguide calibrations is condcuted. Uncertainty budgets for different waveguide bands are examined, individual uncertainty contributions are discussed and the significant impact of connection repeatability is highlighted. Consequently, an investigation into misaligned waveguide interfaces is undertaken, emphasizing the importance of precise alignment, supported by simulation and experimental data.

This paper aims to classify electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues using autoencoders, a dimensionality reduction technique, and machine learning models. The process begins by generating EMC measurement data that closely reflects real-world measurements. The samples are then reduced using autoencoders and used as input for the machine-learning models. The results demonstrate that the machine learning techniques were able to accurately classify between the different EMC classes. 

A hand sprayer is used to deposit droplets on the radome of an antenna. Before and during the drying process, measurements of the antenna reflection coefficient are performed repeatedly over time and frequency using a vector network analyzer. Continuous drifts from the wet state back to the initial dry state are demonstrated for individual antennas and frequency ranges. The obtained insights qualify the antenna reflection coefficient to be a promising indicator of momentary radome wetness.

A new analytical solution for the scalar scattering by a circular aperture in an infinite screen is presented. The field is expanded by means of complete spherical-multipole expansions. The unknown expansion coefficients are found from the conditions of continuity, leading to a quadratic system of linear equations.  The numerical evaluation validates and improves numerical results found in the literature. Further numerical results prove the robustness and convergence of the proposed method.

The paper describes a method to derive the electrical characteristics of the sea surface from Earth observation data and compute the ground-wave signal delay across sea-ice covered areas.
It is used in a tool chain to simulate signal propagation in a real-world scenario for the medium-frequency radio navigation R-Mode and assess the impact of sea ice on the signal propagation delays. The results indicate, that the effect of sea ice is significant and needs to be compensated.

This work explores the special type of passive device to tracking an object without needing its own power source. A special tag placed on the object reflects signals from an external scanner. The scanner sends out waves, and the tag bounces them back, helping detect the objects. The work is aiming at warehouse application to track item boxes in the stock by fixing the tag to the box.

Automotive radar systems help vehicles detect objects and improve safety. This research presents a new antenna design that operates at two different frequencies to enhance both detection range and field of view. The design improves radar performance while keeping the system compact and cost-effective. By carefully analyzing the antenna, its reliability is confirmed. This innovation can support advanced driver assistance systems, making future vehicles safer and more efficient.

This work shows that continuous wavelet transformation (CWT) is very useful for analyzing transient abnormalities in energy grids. Scalograms are used to visualize the results. It is demonstrated that the family of complex wavelets can be used to analyze the transfer of active power in the power system, even during transient events. This can be used to analyze resonant power grid structures and to identify the causes of violations of current and voltage limits at the grid connection point.

This work presents a possible application for radar angular resolution testing. To enable actual conditions, the signal from the radar target simulator is reflected on a parabolic mirror. However, more than one radar target simulator is necessary for angular testing so that they have an offset to the mirror's focal point. The occurring effects,  such as mispositioning and target splitting, are analyzed and explained. Overall, the system is suitable to enable angular resolution testing.

This study explores how electromagnetic waves at 92 GHz potentially ignite explosive atmospheres. Different materials were exposed to high-frequency waves and the resulting temperature increase was measured. A material was selected and controlled ignition tests in explosive gas-air mixtures were conducted. The results show that up to 800 mW can be safely used without triggering an explosion. This suggests that current safety standards (limited to 60 GHz) could be expanded to higher frequencies.